Thursday, October 25, 2012

At DACC, students in ENGL 102 are offered the opportunity each semester to further their understanding of the academic research process through a guided project before undertaking independent research projects for the remainder of the semester.  The topic of the guided project is usually determined by the instructor, although some instructors leave it to the students to choose a topic they wish to explore as a class.

This fall, my ENGL 102 class began the term by discussing what it means to be literate in the 21st Century.  We read narratives which discussed the experience of becoming literate in the traditional sense and used them as a point of departure for a deeper understanding of what literacy means and what the ability to decode meaning from a text or other artifact allows someone to do in academia and society. 
Image from geeklawblog.com
From there we looked at how recent technological innovations have changed (at least in the minds of some scholars) the idea of literacy in recent years and have changed the demands placed on students doing research and writing. We didn't focus on technical or computing skills, but rather on the increase in skills needed in the areas of analysis and critical thinking brought about by society moving from the era of mass communication into the information age.

Image from NancyRubin.com.
At this point, students were divided into collaborative learning groups and charged with coming up with a research question to guide their group's work over the next several weeks. Their topic had to be related to our studies up to that point, require research and analysis of several sources, and result in an informative post appropriate for the WR Notebook. 

Each group chose their topic; analyzed the rhetorical situation surrounding the WR Notebook; met with Dr. Lindemann from the DACC library to strengthen their research and source evaluation skills and to use Library 1 Search and Google to accomplish scholarly research; compiled a body of credible research for their topic using Noodle Tools and evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of the sources within that body; compiled working bibliography lists and a works cited page in MLA style for the sources used in their post; worked to write, share, and edit their drafts through GoogleDocs; peer reviewed the posts of the various groups; explored various strategies for revision for clarity, audience awareness, mutability of form, and to meet their deadline; and learned to edit their posts in the online-blog environment.
Image retrieved through Google Images.

It has been a long ten weeks.  It has been a short ten weeks.  Above all, it has been a busy, crazy, frantic ten weeks (but in a good way, of course!).  They've learned a good deal about research, source analysis, writing, working effectively in a group, and about themselves along the way.  What follows in the four posts listed below are the results of their efforts. We hope you enjoy them.  We hope you find something of use there among them.

And to my students who have hung in there in this grand experiment with me over the last ten weeks, I hope you enjoy your weekend--because we start the whole process over on Tuesday with your independent projects!

Thanks for your hard work! And, thanks to Dr. Ruth Lindemann for her patience, guidance, and knowledge!

How to do Research on the Internet


When doing a research project one of the most frequently used resource for finding information is the Internet. We have created this guide to help you use search engines, aka the Internet, to the best of their ability. You will learn which search engine to use, tips and tricks for using them efficiently, and how to choose your results wisely.
1.      Choose your search engine.
a.       Be familiar with the search engine you are using and be aware of its strong and weak points. For example, if you need government information, USA.gov would be great at assisting you. If you are looking for medical information, try MedicinePlus. Google is great for general research. There are general search engines which work at a very broad level, specialist search engines which cover a very specific topic, and meta-search engines which will give you the results of several search engines all in one place, such as Dogpile.com.
2.      Understand search engine language.
a.       Boolean logic is the language of search engines. Boolean logic is using certain words or symbols in your search. “AND,” “OR,” “NOT,” “+,” “~” are examples of these words and symbols. You could use them to help you narrow your results. For example, if you are searching for “cats and dogs” and you want results that have cats AND dogs in them, you could type in “cats AND dogs” or “cats + dogs.” Otherwise, you will find the results that may have some with only cats or only dogs. If you search “cats OR dogs,” your results will be anything with a cat or a dog. On the other hand, if you search “cats NOT dogs,” then none of your results will have dogs in them. Using “~” will find synonyms for you.
3.      Basic search engine etiquette.
a.       It is useful to be familiar with basic search etiquette. There are several things you can always do regardless of any search engines. These include being as specific as possible, checking your spelling, using proper capitalization, using synonyms and other related words, and using full names or titles if you have access to them. To be as specific as possible, search exactly what you are looking for. For example, instead of searching “training”, try searching “successful dog training”. This can improve the results significantly. Don’t use punctuation or full sentences for that matter. If you do, you will get useless information.
b.      Users can learn specifics about each search engine in their “tips” or “advanced search techniques” pages. They are in different places for each search engine, but always appear as an icon after your search.So now that you have learned what to actually type in the search engine, what is the next step?For one, if you don’t find what you are looking for in the first few results, don’t give up! Not all results at the very top are the best matches. According to CNN.com, You should try to avoid clicking on "sponsored links" or "featured listings.” Sites pay search engines to be at the top.

Even if you find what you are looking for in the first few results, look further! If you are still struggling with finding results after you have used these tips and tricks, try a different search engine. Each search engine is completely different and you may be surprised to find that the exact same search will get you what you are looking for on one search engine, but not another.
Image retrieved from Google Images
For example, Google is considered the most “sophisticated” in its presentation of results, while Yahoo! comes up as the “under-sophisticated” search engine. Yahoo! doesn't offer as many shortcuts and snippets on its results page and it does not show as many results from other collections as other search engines do. You can narrow down results by choosing an appropriate domain result. For example, .edu domain results will contain valuable information relating education. Despite how similar they may seem, each search engine is very different and it would be beneficial to the results of your search to know them inside and out!


Meet the authors of this post: 
Parth Patel: I’m from India, I’ve been in the United States for four years, and I’m here for my associate degree transferring to the University of Illinois.
Emily Ward: I’m from Danville, Illinois. I’m studying elementary education and I plan on 
transferring to Indiana State University.

Rebecca Unger: I’m from Michigan and plan on achieving my Bachelor of Nursing, and furthering 
my education after that.

Serena Edwards: I’m transferring to Eastern for Hospitality Management.

Angela Schwarz: I’m from Roberts, Illinois. I am planning to transfer to the University of Illinois and I am majoring in Nutrition.
Kayton Cole: I’m from New Albany, Indiana. I’m here on a basketball scholarship and I plan on
transferring to a four year college.

We chose this topic because we know research will be a part of our entire college careers, as well as everybody else’s. We knew this project would benefit not only others, but ourselves as well.







Collegiate Copywright Laws



            Violating copyright laws can be the downfall of a collegiate level career, whether it is written documents, images, or videos.
            When it comes to images and videos, most people don’t even bother to ask the original owner if they can use the content. Luckily, most people do not run into legal issues as a result of “stealing” the image or video.
            Others believe that if they list who created it or link the original owner in their work, they are out of harm's way. This is not true. To legally use a copyrighted image or video, you must have permission from the original owner and approval for its intended use.
            When wanting to use an image or video from a website, contact the owner of the site if there is not a name associated directly with the image. If the owner of the site is not the owner of the content that you want to use, they would most likely know who you should refer to in order to obtain permission to use the content.
            If the image you wish to use came from a photographer, you should contact the photographer or the company that took the image(s). According to The UK Copyright Service, when asking for permission to use copyrighted content you should give a full description of the work you wish to use, as well as how you plan to use the work.
            Failure to ask for permission of copyrighted work could result in civil penalties, criminal penalties, and the stolen content could be confiscated from you. According to Legal Zoom, civil penalties could consist of paying damages for the stolen work or even paying legal fees. Criminal penalties could consist of paying fees much like civil penalties, but in addition you would be charged with a crime. When it comes to any content that is even questionable about being copyrighted, you should always ask for permission just to ensure you will not have to face the penalties of violating the copyright.

        When it comes to writing research papers we tend to turn to the internet to search for sources.  Although this may seem more convenient and reliable than going to the library to check out a hard copy source, that may not always be true.
            When research is done on websites, we usually think that by using search engines such as Google or Yahoo to retrieve information we are being “safe” in our research since the information posted comes from a reliable source.  This all depends on whether or not the original authors have consented that the information be posted on the website.  
            These websites that post information, such as articles from journals or books created by others without their consent, are violating their copyrights. Those of us who use this information are encouraging them to continue to do so.  Although search engines receive notices from copyright owners about websites violating these rights they are not always removed. Instead they are placed at the end of the web searches.
            According to the “Wall-Street.Com”, the top five websites reported to Google by copyright owners for violating these rights are filestube.com, isohunt.com, downloads.nl, filesonicsearch.com and torrenthound.com.  These websites provide us with information that is credible, but they themselves should not be counted as a credible source to cite.  This is when we cross the lines of violating the copyrights of the original author’s work, since these websites do not have their consent.
            Copyright laws protect writers from getting their hard work stolen through plagiarism. Anyone who doesn’t respect these laws will find themselves facing some form of punishment. The extent of the punishment is measured by the amount of plagiarism or how often the offender has been caught.
            At DACC, the plagiarism policy is first handled by the teacher. If the teacher decides not to fail your paper or drop you from the class it is their choice, but you probably won’t find yourself so lucky.  The teacher can decide to turn the paper over to be handled by DACC. In the event of this, the following consequences are possible: a firm talking to, written warning, the opportunity to make up the assignment, lower grade or failing grade, be put on probation by DACC, loss of DACC privileges, suspension from DACC, or expulsion from DACC.    
Meet the authors of this post:

Trevor Jennings: I am a DACC freshman, majoring in Business; I am also a DACC baseball player.

Seth McBride: I am a freshman at DACC hoping to receive my Associates in writing, and transfer to a University to receive my Bachelors 

Rosi Perez: I am currently a sophomore at DACC, majoring in Early Childhood Education.

Davida Haas: I am a freshman at DACC, currently majoring in Business.
        We chose Copyright laws to show others the proper way to use images, videos, and written documents. We chose this topic because it is something every college student should know and come to respect. Our topic can also be used to clear up any misunderstandings of how to borrow someone else's work, without actually taking it as your own.

Millennial Research vs. Generation X Research


Most students today use the internet as their main form of research, but students of past generations used much different methods of researching. To really see the differences, we must take a look at both generations and compare them. The term “research” seems like such a simple word to define. In reality, “research” probably means a variety of things to different people, depending on who you ask. Generation X students (1965-1979) have a completely different outlook on research than Generation Y or, Millennial, students (1980-2000) do. The bettering of technology has played quite a large role in the changes in research over the years. The learning styles of students have changed as well and it is becoming harder and harder to connect with the students. Compared to decades ago, research today has become so easy that we take advantage of the fact that we have all the knowledge we need at our fingertips. In the next few paragraphs, we will learn how to engage the new Millennial student and how they differ from Generation X students. We will also see how Millennial students function when researching.
One of the main reasons Generation X students and Millennial students have different learning styles is because of technology. Technology has changed the way teachers and professors teach students effectively. Generation X students rely on human experience and hard research while Millennial students are more networked and civic-minded.
         When it came to finding resources for research, Generation X students, in comparison to Millennial students, had fewer choices. Libraries were the only way of “looking up” anything that was newsworthy, or worth learning about. Radio used to be the only form of news or entertainment, but then the television came about, which then gave Generation X students an easier way to obtain information and news without leaving the home to look for it. Newspapers were another form of information that came straight to their homes before the evolution of technology and, to this day, they are a popular way of gathering as much information as one would want. All the things that affected the world were at their fingertips. It seemed that you didn’t have to go outside your own house to get information.
 With research methods being so different and students learning to take advantage of the internet, the work ethic of today’s students, Millennial students, changed as well. With the advancement and easy access of technology, Millennial students have become somewhat lazy and rely mainly on the internet when it comes to their research and work. Because of the difference in ways Millennial students learn from how Generation X students learn, it has become almost imperative for teachers to change their methods of teaching as well. According to Amy Novotney, "Four ways in which teachers have changed their methods in order to help Millennial students with their work and research consists of: involving multimedia, having more of a relaxed atmosphere, making their teaching more relevant, and exploring new teaching methods." Teachers are starting to make their courses completely online and giving online handouts for homework. Trying to reach the students seems to be one of the biggest tasks of teaching.
Another difference between the two generations would be learning preferences. Millennial students are much more experimental learners and want to work with others in groups or class activities, whereas Generation X prefers a much more structured and by-the-book classroom and would rather study on their own than with a group. Overall, Millennial students are a more laid back generation when it comes to their research and work. Most Millennial students prefer to only use the internet, and want the quickest and easiest way to get things done.
            Now that we have covered the different styles of learning and research between Millennial and Generation X students, we see how those methods carry on throughout high school, college, and their work life. More Millennial students have enrolled in school and graduated than Generation X students have. In the millennial age, a high school diploma will not get someone a well-paying job to provide for a family, although it did for Generation X. For Millennial students, a college degree is a requirement simply for being interviewed for a good job.  
             Millennial and Generation X students have different styles of research and daily function. Between advancements in technology and teaching styles, the Millennial students have made gains on education and research abilities that can benefit the next generation. Technology has grown over time, which the Millennial generation has lived with and is used to, whereas Generation X does not fully embrace the art of technology. The Millennial students have resources that surround them for help on any type of researching, which gives them a leg up on Generation X. Millennial students and Generation X have different ways of living, mainly due to the introduction of technology, but they are more similar than they appear.          

Meet the authors of this post:  
Heather Sageser- I am a freshman now, attending DACC for two years and I am majoring in business.
After DACC I plan to transfer to Southern Illinois University in Carbondale.

Jacob Hayn- I am in my first year at DACC, on the golf team, and planning on receiving a degree in Criminal Justice.

Debbie Goodlove – I am in my second year at DACC after 20 years in the work force.  I am studying nursing sciences and mathematics and plan on attending nursing school in the spring of 2014.

Samantha Grimes- I am a freshman at Danville Area Community College. I’m majoring in Accounting. I am in the United States Marine Corp. I’m a Chicago Bears fan.

Nathan West – I am in my first semester at Danville Area Community College. My major is currently undecided. I am from Indiana. 

We chose this specific topic since we have both Millennial and Generation X group members. Our group found this topic interesting because study, research, and teaching methods have had to change with each generation shift. Technology had a big part in this, and the fact that no one else chose it.

Eyes on Me! How to Keep Reader's Attention


In a world with Facebook, Twitter, and other internet distractions just a tab away (resist the temptation!), keeping your reader interested in your blog can be a challenging task. Worry not; we have some tricks of the trade to keep your readers hooked.
Figure Courtesy of Casey Marion.
1.      Bait your reader with a catchy title. You want to stand out from the crowd. Think of your title as your billboard, your advertisement; a boring billboard doesn't get noticed. Recall how companies try and get your attention, how articles and websites try and hook you. A clever pun, a dramatic statement, shock value, suspense, humor, conflict, etc. Pick an approach that you think will best get the interest of the audience you are trying to reach, and adapt it. You are trying to sell a product (your writing), and attention is the currency your readers pay you in. They won't give you a second chance to catch their attention, so take it while you can.
2.      Know your audience.  You wouldnt lecture the subtleties of Shakespeare to a preschool class, and (most) college educated students wouldnt want to sit through See Spot Run.  In the same respect, it is crucial to adapt your writing to your audience.  Joshua Stein, in his article, Writing Clearly and Effectively: How to Keep the Readers Attention, tells us to know our audience.  Both tone and content should match your intended demographic.  Nothing turns an audience away like being talked down to, or by talking over their head by getting too technical.   Stein also tells us to think about what the audience already knows, and what they need to read about.
3.      Energize your writing.  Word choice is crucial.  Powerful words make an impact on your readers. Use active words, which are words that energize your writing and allow your readers to connect to your message clearly. For example, Joshua Stein tells us that instead of saying, there are available a significant range of meaningful options, say, a specific person can choose from four options. Think of how you want to present your idea to your reader, and choose your words to match your tone.  A somber and serious tone requires words that convey those solemn emotions, whereas a less serious topic might adopt a more playful tone.
 Figure  Mylene Bressan, CC: Attribution-ShareAlike
4.      Stay Focused.  Keep your purpose in mind and dont stray too far from it.  Any deviations should lead back to your original idea, your thesis.  A consistent tone throughout your writing helps readers follow your train of thought, and a runaway train is hard to keep up with.  A wifty paper is hard to follow, and leaves your audience confused (and probably not thinking very highly of you). If you feel yourself straying too far from your topic, take a break and when you return read what progress youve made so far. Referring back to your thesis statement occasionally throughout your writing is a good way to keep your original idea in mind. 
5.      Help your reader visualize. Engage your audience with all five senses. People like to taste what they read, feel it, smell it. Indulge that with creative use of metaphor and imagery. You want to use descriptive words that ignite your readers senses. Readers who have their imagination stimulated will be able to relate to your writing. Imagine a cake.
Figure  Michael Jastremski, CC: Attribution-ShareAlike
Everyone has their own idea of a generic cake. But you want them to imagine YOUR cake. Your cake, a moist and fluffy chocolate, with a heart stoppingly delicious cream filling, topped off with layers of Cool Whip and crumbled Butterfinger. With any luck, our readers are now salivating. In the same way, you want to use vivid and descriptive imagery to engage your reader's senses and draw them into your writing.
6.      Humor them (when appropriate).  An audience who laughs will keep you in mind.  According to Leigh Anne Jasheway in How to Mix Humor into Your Writing, humor can keep your writing from drying out and getting stale, breathing a little playful energy that your readers will relate with.  Wield humor with caution though, as too much or ill timed funny can turn an audience away.  Use it wisely and sparingly, and make sure its consistent with your overall tone.
            Writing can be a challenge, but now that you have a few more gadgets in your metaphorical utility belt, you are now better prepared to tackle the Wonderful World of Writing.  Hook them with a title, stand out from the crowd, pick the right words for your tone, get them to giggle, and let them eat cake.
 Meet the authors of this post:
 
Casey Marion, a student at D.A.C.C, is majoring in Elementary Education.

Lee Cooper, a student at D.A.C.C., is planning to major is Human Resource Development.

Shane Trunnell is a student at DACC with a fondness of psychobabble, philosophical waffle, and all things whimsical.  He has an annoying tendency to write in third person.

Joseph Mann, a student at D.A.C.C, is majoring in Mathematics.

We chose the topic of keeping reader’s attention, because it is something that we as students struggled with ourselves and feel it is a valuable skill to have as a college student. Searching through information, we have found materials and methods you can use to make your paper more appealing to your chosen audience.  Or in other words, to make the world a better place for any literonaut.